STATE OF FLOW
現今社會對小朋友要求很高。流俐的三文兩語再學一兩種外語,有不同興趣「傍身」,琴棋書畫十八般武藝。 在我而言,這不是學與不學的問題。是學的目的。 期望子女是愛學習,常有求學的心。興趣,就真的是興趣,能讓他們達至FLOW的境界。
早前看兩本書都提過FLOW。 Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,是一位心理學家,他專注於研究「快樂」和「創意」,他訪問了很多知名的藝術家、音樂家、作家和科學家等,並提出FLOW的概念。FLOW 是一種精神狀態,像緊張、輕鬆、悶等,中文譯作「心流」。 什麼是心流呢?
“a state in which people are so involved in an activity that nothing else seems to matter; the experience is so enjoyable that people will continue to do it even at great cost, for the sheer sake of doing it.” (1990, p.4)
Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York, NY: Harper and Row.Mihaly 在TED TALK 的講解:
- Completely involved in what we are doing, focused, concentrated
- A sense of ecstasy – of being outside everyday reality
- Great inner clarity – knowing what needs to be done, and how well we are doing
- Knowing that the activity is doable – that our skills are adequate to the task
- A sense of serenity – no worries about oneself, and a feeling of growing beyond the boundaries of the ego
- Timelessness – thoroughly focused on the present, hours seem to pass by in minutes
- Intrinsic motivation – whatever produces flow becomes its own reward
在這狀態,人是主動積極和富創造力的,令我們快樂和覺得人生有意義。「快樂」,根據這理論,不在那麼飄渺,不似「知魚之樂」那樣玄。快樂嘅時間過得特別快,我們全情投入做事,不覺時間已過,就是這個境界。在日常生活中,即使是工作或看電視,都可能達至FLOW;透過藝術音樂,一些創意活動,則更容易。
社會轉變,知識幾乎是免費的,隨處可得,學習的重點不再是獲取知識,而是怎樣搜集、整理和分析,再得出結論。知識每天「更新」,標準答案是過時的。處事技巧、技藝(如庖丁解牛的「道」)、看視物的角度、視野 vision、創新 innovation,才是學習的重點。真正要死記硬背的,是語言學習,閱讀和演講同樣重要。
學習和興趣,是自發的才會達至心流,希望子女學習,令他們快樂,而不是為了某個目的或要求回報。身家多寡,與快不快樂沒有關係。面對令人窒息和憂鬱的現實世界,有方法讓人捉緊快樂,何樂而不為呢?
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